Executive Compensation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Executive Compensation - Essay Example There is an ongoing public indignation over the idea that there are executives who are rewarded handsomely in firms that are experiencing financial losses, facilities closure and employee dislocations in the form of cuts in pay and benefits and forced terminations. At a time when the public is looking for someone or something to blame, is it correct to cap the current executive compensation in the US? This paper will explore this possibility and its impact on American capitalism, whether such a move would be beneficial or harmful to the economy. In the United States, the capitalistic system rewards high risks with high rewards and that executives are paid astronomical amounts for their skills and capabilities. The executive compensation in the US consist the total rewards received by the top-level executives of a corporation. These high-ranking officers include the chief executive officer (CEO), the chief operations officer (COO), the chief financial officer (CFO), as well as the other executives who hold the highest level of management in a firm. The total rewards, meanwhile, is generally consisted of salaries, bonuses, incentive payments, deferred compensation plans, stock options, and the direct provision of goods and services. The stock option for executives could surpass the worth the direct cash payments such as salaries and bonuses. Additional perks may include packages that consist housing, personal staff, transportation and other personal expenses of the top executives, which are normally shouldered by employees. A ccording to Alan Greenspan (2007), the former chairman of the US Federal reserve: A [US] CEO’s compensation has, on average, been tied closely to the market value of his or her firm†¦ CEO compensation at such large US corporations reportedly rose by 10 percent annually between 1993 and 2006, triple the 3.1 percent annual increase of earnings of private-company production or nonsupervisory workers. (p.

Politics of the Free Soil Party Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Politics of the Free Soil Party - Essay Example Thus, the parties are in a position of changing the voting patterns in the country since they express the sentiments shared by a particular proportion of the country’s population. On the other hand, most of these third parties do not last for a long period of time since their agenda might be adopted or fail to stand the test of time. One such short-lived party is the Free Soil Party active in the 1848 and 1952 presidential elections of the United States.1 William Leggett, George Henry Evans, and Thomas Morris, part of the group known as â€Å"Dissident Democrats,† were instrumental in the party’s formation by contributing certain arguments crucial in shaping the party’s ideologies. This expose elucidates the role each man played in the formation of the party and effectively identifies the man who greatly influenced the formation of the party and the role he played. Since the formation of the Free Soil Party is synonymous with the Dissident Democrats, it is important to understand the origin of this group. Andrew Jackson is one of the greatest presidents in the history of this country. During his era, commonly referred as the Jacksonian era, Americans felt that there were equal economic opportunities to all citizens. However, prior to his 1837 farewell speech, the president expressed his dissatisfaction with the Bank of the United States saying that it was mainly for the rich people in the country and foreign governments instead of focusing on every citizen of the country.2 Towards the end of his career, support for the outgoing president was high and consequently too was support for his handpicked successor illustrating a scenario that Democrats were one united front. However, discontent simmered across a section of Democrats with some questions some policies by Jackson. Nevertheless, the most surprising disquiet was the loud objection of a few Democrats on the party’s position towards slavery.3 The discontent arose from the p arties policies meant to curtail debate on abolitionism effectively robbing the crusaders of antislavery and its expansion of the most fundamental freedom of expression. While a section of the Democratic leadership lauded the mobs attacking abolitionists in their meetings and in newspapers, general disquiet simmered and effectively solidified support to counter the expansion of slavery.4 In effect, the counter movement to expansion of slavery has been crucial to the history of this country since their efforts led to the current American society that accepts and appreciates diversity. Three antislavery Democrats who broke away from their party in the 1930s were crucial to the formation of the Free Party, a splinter party of the Democratic Party. In this regard, these dissidents provided lines of arguments towards which the party would galvanize its ideals and use them to defend its stance. Of all the Jacksonian politicians, William Leggett was the most eloquent in arguing coherently against the centralized authority embodied by the monopolies, the Money Power, and the fanatical reformers.5 In this case, Leggett focused on arguing against concentrated power that was against the concepts that guide natural law and liberty. Thus, Leggett became the champion and hero to the class of producers that was against capitalism. Effectively, he applied this same ideal in his support for abolitionism after undergoing some form of conversion from being a supporter of abolition, to a firm and committed

Transactional Leadership VS. Transformational Leadership Essay

Transactional Leadership VS. Transformational Leadership - Essay Example According to some sources, this technique of leadership is comprises of four key aspects. The relationship between the person in charge and the populace depends on the swap over level. Therefore, the great exchange value translates to stronger relations. The barter approach is another characterizing the above leadership. This is because the leader expects returns for the services rendered to the people (Beerel, 2009). The leader pursues outlay gain economic trade in order to meet people’s substance and intuitive needs in return for constricted services by inferiors. Additionally, transactional leadership does not change the organizational structure. Therefore, it is evident that this form of leadership system is all about necessities, state of affairs and loot. According to James Macgregor, transformational leadership theory is built on a clear vision of the people’s goals. In the above system, leaders and supporters work in unison thus progressing to greater heights in the business performance (Lussier, 2009). The strength of their dream and character enables such to motivate other workers thus achieving the organization’s goals easily. Similarly, the transformational leadership also encompasses of four aspects. One of them is the individualized contemplation. This entails the submission of support and encouragement to the workers. In order, to further maintain good relations, leaders uphold open lines of contact in order to encourage the employees to share their views on all issues. In addition to the above, the transformational leaders ought to recommend direct acknowledgment of other individual’s contributions (Lussier, 2009). Secondly, the rational inspiration transformational leadership utilizes each other’s resourcefulness. This is made possible as workers endeavor to discover new habits, which create opportunities. Thirdly, there is the element of heartening enthusiasm. Transformational leaders encompass a clear vision that

Day Dreaming Essay Example for Free

Day Dreaming Essay I have always dreamed of the perfect vacation, the perfect place to go. As I have just returned from that very location, I am excited to share the experience with everyone. I am sure that you, too, will want to visit this place where only your wildest dreams could compare. While shopping at a local grocery store I noticed an entry box for a free, all expenses paid getaway. I have always wanted a dream vacation, but without finding the time and the extra money, that was exactly what it would always be, a dream. The entry form said it was a getaway, not a vacation. So what was the difference? As I read the small print on the entry form I expected to find the catch that most of these offers have. I was surprised to find no catch. No salesman would call. No mass marketing e-mails would invade my e-mail box. The entry form simply stated that the winner would receive an all-expenses paid getaway. I entered the drawing with thoughts of getting away from the daily grind. As I left the store with my few bags of groceries, I found myself wondering where this getaway was. The entry never said anything about the location. If I were to win, I hoped that it would be someplace warm. I let my thoughts run wild as I made the drive home. I was amazed at how good I felt just thinking about the perfect vacation. All too soon my thoughts returned to real life and what was. During the next month, after what seemed like the longest day ever, I arrived home to find a letter in the mailbox stating that I had won the all-expenses-paid getaway. My family has always called me lucky, but I have never been this lucky. There had to be a catch. As I sat down to read the letter I felt just absolutely exhausted. I reclined on the sofa and continued reading the award letter. Before I knew it I had dozed off. A short time later I find myself driving to the airport. I was ushered to a very large private Leer Jet. I was stopped in my tracks the moment I stepped through the entrance to the aircraft. I was amazed at the comfort level of the interior. The seats were overstuffed, soft, tan leather. There were perfectly placed tables and couches. The excitement of a real getaway was truly setting in. Strange as it was, I was not worried about the destination. The letter said to pack a small bag of only the bare necessities, so I packed two large pieces of luggage with everything I could think of that I might need on this getaway. I was greeted by a very lovely lady, and as she showed me to my seat for the flight, I was told that once we were airborne that I could feel free to wander about the jet. As I sat in the overstuffed seat I felt my body relax. My mind slowly let go of all thoughts of my daily life and stresses. Take off was barely perceptible. I glanced out of what seemed to be a large window for an aircraft and watched the world I knew slowly disappear into the distance. I relaxed and closed my eyes. As the jet drifted off into the blue sky, I too drifted off. I cannot tell you how long we were in flight; as if in a dream I realized that we had landed. The landing strip was a beautiful field of grass. The outer edge of the landing strip was lined with the most beautiful green trees I had ever seen. As I reached the exit door of the jet, I saw only beauty. I didn’t know where I was, but I really didn’t care at that point. There was a golf cart waiting for me at the bottom of the stairs. The driver was a very handsome young man. After a brief introduction he drove me to a very inviting bungalow and told me that this was where I would be staying during my visit. The bungalow had a well-appointed, covered, raised front deck area before the entrance. The view was more than I had ever hoped for. The oversized bungalow was everything I had ever dreamed of; the furnishings were made to order from my very own wish list. The colors of the decor were inviting yet calming. Not a wish or expectation had been left out. The rooms were much larger than I thought they would be. My luggage had already been delivered and as I began to put things in the closet and drawers, I found that my every need had already been provided for. There were clothes in the closet that were just my size and I could clearly see that they were made for a location just as this. I could not remember a time that I had felt so comfortable and relaxed. On the desk I found a brochure explaining that anything I could ever want to do, experience, purchase or eat was only a thought away. I decided to sit on the front deck and just take it all in. On the table outside next to a lovely chaise lounge was a bottle of my favorite beverage. I smiled as I sat and sipped the cool drink. I hadn’t eaten all day and thoughts of what I would like to eat became clear. Just then a golf cart rolled up to the bungalow and a silver dinning tray was delivered to the outside table. The young waiter said nothing and left. The meal was exquisite. Never before had I tasted food so flavorful. Here I was on vacation and so satisfied to stay right here, relaxed. No sooner than I began to anticipate the sunset, it began. The sunset was anything but short lived. The colors were radiant. The entire scene, with all the colors, the mountains in the distance, the trees, all seemed to soak into my soul. It was just absolutely breathtaking. I really did not want to call it a day, but the thoughts of a limitless tomorrow made it easy to retire to the exquisite bedroom of the bungalow and stretch out on the luxurious bed. I dosed off to sleep with the sound of a gentle breeze through the trees and the distant sound of small waves lapping against a beach. The next morning as I stared into the mirror, after my glorious shower, I found that my own reflection seemed much younger. I felt so alive and reenergize! I decided to visit the small town, not too far from the Bungalow, that the brochure said would be a delight. As I entered the colorful little community, I noticed several small store fronts and shops that offered for sale anything a person could want. As I made my first purchase, I was very surprised when the sales person refused my cash I tried to hand him. The sales person, seeing my shock, informed me that cash was only a temporary illusion as were all tangible treasures that most people cling to. Furthermore, I was informed that I would find, in my wallet, just enough cash to purchase anything I may want, however, I would not need it. As I continued to visit the remaining shops, I was delighted each time I wanted to make a purchase, to find just enough cash in my wallet, but the cashiers would not accept any of it. The next several days brought a joyous time of swimming in the warm crystal blue waters of a secluded lake that was like a lagoon off the coast of Australia, sunning on a sensational beach, and hiking some of the most profound and beautiful mountains I have ever had the pleasure to see. The food had more than met my every expectation. Sleep had never been so satisfying. Every morning I was awakened by a delightful, brilliant sunrise and every evening was blissfully serene. I knew that all too soon my short getaway would have to come to an end. I chose to spend the last day of this wonderful vacation on the glorious beach I had visited several times. I swam freely in the warm water and snorkeled the coral reef where I was met with a burst of colorful coral and stunning little fish. Feeling somewhat exhausted for the first time during my stay, I decided to relax on the soft white sand and soon fell asleep. Somewhere in that sweet spot just before wakefulness, I felt something crawling on my foot and there was a phone ringing and the obnoxious noise of traffic. It surely must be a dream right? The thing rawling on my foot brought me to full consciousness. In a flash my dream vacation was over. I awoke to find myself still reclined on the sofa, letter in hand, telling me that my dream vacation was just that, only a dream, and out of the corner of my eye, crawling across the floor, I see the spider that brought my dream vacation to an end. You may be wondering how difficult it was to return to the reality of daily life. I must tell you that it was not all that hard because I know that I or anyone can return to this refreshing location in a matter of moments. You need only let your mind drift to where it really wants to be. Daydreaming is easy and has also been touted as good for you. A deep daydream can easily turn into a dream. An article from QualityHealth. com states that recent research conducted at the University of British Columbia in Canada reveals that not only is daydreaming extremely common (experts say we spend one-third of our lives doing it), but its actually healthy. It turns out that when we let our minds wander, numerous areas of the brain are activated, more than were previously thought. And were not even aware were doing it. In this study, scientists placed subjects inside a special scanner and had them perform a routine task. Their attentiveness was gauged using brain scans, their performance on the task, and reports by subjects themselves. Not only did the parts of the subjects brains responsible for easy mental tasks activate, but so did the so-called executive network responsible for processing more complicated thoughts and problems. What does this mean? When you put aside that tough essay after working on it for several hours in order to sit on your porch and stare at the flowers, it doesnt mean youre lazy. It means your brain is smart enough to recognize that switching to a more mundane activity allows complex thought to take place. By letting your mind wander, youre allowing it to hit on the solutions to problems that may have eluded you before. In fact, many creative people claim that they get their best ideas while doing something routine, such as taking a shower or going for a run. And some of the smartest kids in school may spend part of their classroom time doodling or staring out the window. Teachers or bosses may not approve of your daydreaming, but it is generally a healthy thing. Of course, if daydreaming takes up so much of your time that youre having trouble getting even basic chores completed, you probably should learn to focus a little more. Otherwise, dont worry about those mental time-outs that reenergize and refresh you for the tasks at hand. So, as you can see, you can go anywhere you want, do anything you want, see anything you want, touch, feel, or taste anything you can dream up. This can be done in a matter of minutes or if you have the time, you can spend hours at any location of your choice, in a daydream.

The Fashion Of The Renaissance Cultural Studies Essay

The Fashion Of The Renaissance Cultural Studies Essay The Renaissance Era was a period in time in which the mood and values of the 16th century were conveyed through the fashion. The expression of the period of time was filled with innovation and creativity itself and this was manifested throughout the fashion trends and styles of the era. Society was broken up into three major categories; peasants, middle class and nobles. Fashion that was displayed in the Renaissance Age was shaped by the impacts of Queen Elizabeth and Christopher Columbus, these influences aided to the significant difference of the style of clothing worn by upper and lower class society. Clothing differentiated social classes during the Renaissance. Renaissance is a French word defined meaning rebirth. It refers particularly to the renewed interest in classical learning, which means the writing of ancient Greece and Rome (Main 193). This rebirth was also seen in fashion with the sudden change in trends and style of the Renaissance era. Indeed, the fashion referring to the mode of dress for theà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦adopted into society for the time being is recorded in the Oxford English dictionary for the first time in 1568 (Jones 1 ). It continued to embody the rapid shifting of the style of clothes through periods of time and as reflected through the renaissance. The innovative force of fashion was associated with both the dissolution of the body politic and the exorbitance of the states subject (Jones 1). Which translates to todays clothes worn by modern society being a direct reflection of ones own state and belief. This can reflect something of a persons religion, favorite genre of music, sexual orientation, etc. Fashion extended it semantic field to include the sense of mere form or presence (Jones 1). Fashion was used to highlight characteristics of the renaissance as well as conditions of the time which were used to shape the way people of different social classes dressed. The fashion of the Renaissance can be described as one which was quite flamboyant. Consisting of rich fabrics: wallet, taffeta, gold brocade and fur. The elite were known for wearing the finest silk stockings and cock platform shoes (Main 206). Woman as well as men were both known for wearing undergarments which changed the silhouette of a normal persons body. Women wore corsets which cause a sudden excruciating slenderness to the waist and men used pasteboards stuffed with horse hair to achieve a peasecod belly (Main 208). During the Renaissance the fact that men wore underpants and women didnt was hidden under the long tunics worn by both, which shortened over time. Underpants emerged and were refined into elegant, visible individual leg coverings, while womens garments developed into even longer and fuller skirts (Hollander 132). Shoulder pads in those days were exaggerated as well stretched linens neck ruffs were used in the place of our small stifles. The garments as well as fab rics used to create the definite image of supremacy, proved to be problematic for people of low social class how could not afford the special garment, and fabrics. This barrier resulted in people of different social classes dressing differently. Queen Elizabeth, herself had a lot of control of these barriers. Elizabeth was the ideal model of the admired styles and fashions of the Renaissance era. She inspired the way people of the time dressed. The one thing that wasnt expected was the degree in which Queen Elizabeth influenced fashion. Queen Elizabeth was obsessed with trends in fashion, her power allowed for her to spread the obsession with the outward appearance through the kingdom (Boucher 14). Queen Elizabeths had a rare skillfulness in advantage of any situation presented before her (Boucher 17). She realized early that manifestation of rich cloths and fashionable attire would help attain authority and respect of the materialistic people she governed. Wealth and power was not the only thing Queen Elizabeth achieved with her wardrobe. Her fondness for foreign dresses resulted in tremendous impact on the English fashion trends and styles of the time (Leed 13). The citizens of Elizabeths rule tried to replicate her style to the best their ability (Boucher 15). The upper class women were able to reproduce her outfits to the T enabling them to set further trends for the social class. Not only were the elite able to duplicate queen Elizabeths fashions but it also provoked them to take advantage of other up an coming fashions for over seas which influences like Christopher Columbus exposed to England. The Renaissance era revealed citizens desire for exploration of fashion trends over seas. As discussed in, A Survey of Historic Costume, It was an era that dedicated itself to the search of new markets and raw materials, with the goal of new exotic modes of dress in mind. Columbuss findings created an ram pant excitement in Englands fashion world. If an item was new, it was valuable and wanted by many (Tortora Eubank 130). For example, Spanish fashion was indentified as different by the English markets, which resulted in a huge spread of Spanish costume through Europe. Although Columbus was no the supplier of the direct discovery of the sea route to transport silk, he is recognized for his the immerse growth of relations with Spain (Boucher 131). But because of the co st of importing, the foreign styles were styles that belonged to the wealthy in England and it help determines the upper nobles from just the nobles (Jones 63). These new discoveries gave elites sense of superiority over other elites, which in turn created more divisions in social clusters. Eventually the Renaissance age began to see not only change in structure of fashion but in society and social clusters. The population of the cities consists of nobility, clergy, and townspeople from merchants to the poor laborers (Sider 2). The possibility of an individual moving up in social rankings or to become accepted in another group with a differing social status was almost unheard of. Even during the Renaissance, members of the clergy were locked into different social classes, ranging from wealthy landholding bishops to priests with poor rural parishes (Sider 2). As economic development began to flourish in the city new social classes began to for m such as the bankers and wealthy merchants. As economic advances expanded more jobs became available which in result drew more people to the cities to employ new upcoming labor jobs (Sider 4). The upper class dictated fashion, and the middle class copied details of elite style as budgetary and sumptuary laws permit (Sider 3). This was then followed with the lower class rankings. The organizations of wealth and fashion differences were greater than ever. The Sumptuary Laws clearly show that fashion was a sign of wealth and was strictly prescribed for the various classes of society, by a ruling court (Patrick 556). This can be viewed a way of publically making it known who is who in society, and can be quite offensive to the less fortunate. In 1634, a General Court issued a sumptuary law that prohibited the purchase or wearing of clothing embroidered with gold thread or embellished with lace (Mays 383). Only the elite citizens of the community were deemed permissible to wear, this group was also prohibited to wear things like long wigs or bulking sleeves because they were seen as being unfashionable and tasteless by the rich. This is just one example of fashion restrictions set by the government to purposely segregate social classes in society. Clothing then like present day was a sign of a persons social rank and as well as bracket wealth. However it was even bigger symbol of status in the Renaissance (Norris 34). The fashions for the affluent were intended with the purpose of spending masses of their funds on their garments and outfits, it was not uncommon to see them literally wearing their wealth (Norris 34). Clothes of the elite were marked by specific things that anybody could look spot rich or poor. The more elaborate tailoring and craftsmanship, the more expensive the clothing which helped to establish a reputation of wealth to the owner (Norris 34). The elite were also know for were more elegant fabrics such as heavy cotton which was know for being a excessively taxed import good. Clothing had so much value that when hard time came clothes could be pawned for large amounts of money (Norris 34). Kings and queens were known for pawning their own clothes. An average outfit of a girl from lower-class consisted of a lon g-sleeved kirtle worn with ample skirts and a rectangular apron and a headdress (Jones 4). The difference between how people acquired clothing as well as what exactly they wore were strong indications of what social cluster they belonged to . Fashion is a way in which people express their feelings and moods. But fashion can also reflect what wants to be seen and the ideals and values of a society. Fashion reflected these ideals and values through the use of foreign fabrics, accessories, and decoration, which was the result of Christopher Columbus, and Queen Elizabeth I influence. During the 16th century, Fashion made the upper class, for your wealth was determined by what you could afford to wear. Clothing became a strict, definite reflection of the morals, status and values of the time which ultimately provided Great Britain with a way to institute differentiae between different social classes. It was a time much different from today, but still, the society of the Renaissance era expressed many materialistic values that were captured so well through the use of fashion.

simpsons :: essays research papers

Some kids thought hide and go seek was boring, as did I. Playing hide and seek through out my neighborhood was one of the things all the little kids did. Every person in this block knew of each other. I never had fun because everyone always would get in fights and the game always ended early. Yet, for some reason this game was intensified by creating teams where one team being the hunters who protect home base and the hunted who are trying to reach it before being tagged by the hunter. So because of his there were always heated arguments that turned into fights. It was a hot summer night and all of my friends and I had decided to get a big game of hide and seek going down at the park. This was going to be the biggest game we had ever organized. This game consisted of about 16 people, which was a lot for the size of our neighborhood. This had been what we all had prepared for. All those late nights in the neighborhood strategizing and organizing plans to safety. Finally their was chance to prove our skill at this game, hunters versus the hunted. I remember a couple of my friends that I played with that night. Alicia, who was the ruffian of the hood, was fourteen and a lot bigger than I was. Chris, who was the slimmest and the tallest of the bunch, we called him the beanpole. Andrew, who had been a long time childhood friend that always wanted to be in the army; this game obviously gave him the inspiration. When we got to our destination, central park, we established where the home base was going to be which were the restroom stalls, since they were centered in the park. We then established where our territory of limits extended. There are positions in hide and seek that if you are caught there, you are automatically disqualified. An example of this would be if you were caught in the out of bounds territory that you would be out of the game. Next, we gathered and split into two teams. Eight against eight would equal pure intellectual and strategic competition. This park was maybe the size of two football fields, which is not a lot of ground coverage when you’re dealing with teams of eight. My team ended up going out into the field first to be hunted.

philosophy of education Essay -- essays research papers

Progressivism My personal philosophy of education is most closely related to progressivism, which is a school of thought advocating that truth is determined by function. Progressivism is an educational philosophy focused on providing students with the skills and knowledge necessary not only to survive but also to succeed in a contemporary and competitive society. William James and John Dewey are accredited for developing the characteristically American philosophy of education that is progressivism. As the name suggests, progressivism is a philosophy that is adaptable for society’s current state. It is a philosophy that promotes education aimed at helping students to develop the kind of problem solving skills that will enable them to function successfully in a competitive society. Progressivism focuses on educating students in a manner that leads them to become productive adults that adeptly function in an ever-changing world. Progressivism curriculum has a strong emphasis on problem solving and analysis, for these skills are invaluable in today’s society. Without problem solving abilities, an individual is lost and alone in the puzzling maze of society that characterizes the world today. Progressivism curriculum is centered on activities and instruction that challenge the students’ problem solving and analysis abilities in an effort to strengthen these skills. Since progressivism is influenced by contemporary society, it is only appropriate that the progressivism curric...

Business Edge Email

To: David Johnson Subject: Information on Business Edge Dear Mr David Johnson Firstly I would like to thank you for your response to my email based on my application for the sales and marketing position you are currently have available. I am pleased to know you would like further knowledge of my completion of the Business Edge Program undertaken through my Bachelor of Business at Edith Cowan University. The program helped me develop a range of skills related to the sales and marketing role in which I have applied for. The following email will represent the key aspects that Business Edge specified within my time in the program. I will analyze the different components of Business Edge and the skills I have gained during the program. Additionally I will explain how these concepts will be beneficial to your company. As a result this email will give you background knowledge on my intake and understanding of the Program. The Business Edge program is designed to help students understand the growing impact of international competition in businesses and employment and how to successfully operate in the global marketplace. The program introduces students to the concept of business and to various interpersonal, group work and organizational skills essential for university and employment success. The Program is also geared to helping students to realize and improve their abilities in individual learning styles, group work, cross-cultural communication, business communication, critical thinking and ethical behavior. In addition, the Business Edge program introduces students to the concept of self-reflection, self-discovery, self- criticism, peer assessment and information and time management. Having completed this program I can tell you that it is an extremely unique course as it focuses on student centered learning. This means that there are plenty of role-plays, scenarios, interactive multi-media and activities where students develop their employability skills by ‘doing’. As the student you must use your previous knowledge and experience, apply these to real situations and learn from those around you so that your employability skills can be developed and refined along the entire length of the program. A key attribute I have developed through the Business Edge program is the â€Å"ability to communicate†. This gives me excellent employability skills such as forming effective relationships with customers and employees. This is a perfect attribute for the sales and marketing role. As someone interested in sales and marketing I think it is essential that you communicate effectively and form networks with customers and fellow clients. I think the ability to interact with others openly and objectively is vital criteria for the position and Business Edge has certainly given me a great advantage in this area. The main emphasis that the Business Edge program projected was on clear communication and presentations. Personally I feel to be a competent communicator you must first be able to listen and understand others, in particular with sales because face to face communication is frequent and also phone conversation. I think my ability to understand clear communication and my advanced understanding of open questions will benefit your company greatly. I know when working in sales and marketing you have to allow communication to flow and invite open discussion. You must have a clear tone as well as a good posture if talking to an audience, when talking on a phone your manner must be polite while still being clear and able to adapt. I believe that a good communicator is someone who can change the way they communicate to suit the person they are speaking to. You should express yourself in a way that makes sense to that person. I think the Business Edge program has helped me achieve this and it will be a great asset in the sales and marketing role. Another attribute that I developed through the Business Edge program is the â€Å"ability to work in teams†. The Business Edge program as stated earlier is student centered and the learning process is by â€Å"doing†. Most of this is done through group work, participating in various activities and presentations. Through these activities I could improve my self-confidence to a higher level. I got an idea about how to work in groups with mutual understanding and to respect others ideas as well. With the knowledge I gained from this unit, I’m now able to get others give their ears to me and express my ideas in an effective manner in front of an audience.

Google: Human Resource Strategy Essay

Developing an effective human resource strategy to manage an organization’s human assets requires considering employees as investments. Such an approach helps ensure that HR practices and principles are clearly coordinated with the organization’s overall business strategy. It also forces the organization to invest in its best opportunities and ensures that performance standards are met. Google is one company that has reinvented their approach to human resource strategies. Google has renamed their human resources to people operations. Several human resource strategies have made Google what it is in today’s market. The top HR strategies that have made Google a success include strategies in management, hiring, and recruitment, training and development, compensation and their 70/20/10 rule. The rationale behind each of these strategies is easily revealed through their overall business strategy. Keywords: human resource strategies, people operations Google: Human Resource Strategy Google has renamed human resources to people operations. This encourages employees to participate in running the company and building effective teams. One philosophy that Google focuses on is what they consider people management when it comes to human resource strategies. Sullivan (2013a) reveals a top priority for Google. They believe that innovations come from people and you cannot maximize innovations unless you are capable of recruiting and retaining innovators. Google uses a human resource strategy called databased decision-making strategy. This human resource strategy has been highly successful in attracting innovators and managing them within the company. â€Å"Almost everyone has heard about Google’s free food, 20% time, and wide range of fun activities but realize that each of these was implemented and are maintained based on data† (Sullivan, 2013a). The following will be a  brief description of some human resource strategies that Google uses for their people management practices as it relates to a data-driven approach. Management HR Strategy Human resource managers at Google have determined that great managers are essential for top performance and retention. One practice they use to keep manager’s performance high is to have their employees rate managers twice a year. The researched data proved that Google could maintain its success not by superior technical knowledge but by one-on-one coaching with management, which included expressing interest in employees and providing personalized feedback to those employees. Google also uses the PiLab. The PiLab conducts applied experiments within Google to determine the most effective approaches for managing people and maintaining a productive environment (Sullivan, 2013b). This data driven strategy has provided results to human resources on the approaches of how to be successful in their HR strategy. Hiring and Recruitment HR Strategy Google is also unique in its strategic approach to hiring because its hiring decisions are made by a group in order to prevent individual hiring managers from hiring people for their own short-term needs. They are explicitly seeking to attract the kinds of people to the company who will be successful in their open, collaborative culture (Zhong, 2011). Hiring the right people is a key HR strategy at Google. Their retention rate and turnover data proves that the organization has been successfully able to attract, retain, and motivate a younger generation of workers who would otherwise be more apt to leave an organization. Training and Development HR Strategy Another important HR strategy for Google is in its training and development program. Google employees are offered tremendous opportunities to learn and grow. Some of the professional development opportunities include classes on individual and team presentation skills, content development, business writing, executive speaking, delivering feedback, and management and leadership (Lawler, 2014). Google pays special attention to training for engineers due to their level of importance to the success of the company. They want to ensure the engineers as well as other employees have received  the mandatory training and development sessions for a minimum of 120 hours per year. This is about three times the industry average in North America of 43 hours per year. Despite the cost to Google, this is an essential part of their HR strategy and contributes to their overall business strategy. Compensation HR Strategy Google has an unusual HR strategy when it comes to its compensation structure. Google is often known as one of the most sought after and yet one of the most underpaying employers in the industry. Despite this, employees are still attracted to working their dream job at Google. More frequently than not employees are attracted to the support system, that can help them create anything rather than monetary returns. Therefore, the work hives at Google have day care and elder care centers, have spa and hair salons, car wash and oil check facilities, and virtually everything that a technology obsessed geek would like to worry least about, in the form of an all-inclusive liberal benefits package, but the actual take†out cash component is negligible (Sullivan, 2013b). Google offers all employees unlimited sick leave as well as 27 days of paid time off after one year of employment. This is highly unusual for most organizations but Google believes in an even work live balance and keeping their valued employees returning to work happy. 70/20/10 Rule HR Strategy Another important HR strategy for Google is the 70/20/10 rule. This HR strategy ensures creativity remains a top priority at Google. Employees are required to divide their time into the following three parts: 70 percent is spent on search and advertising 20 percent (1 day of the work week) on a project of their own choice 10 percent to far-out ideas  HR believes that with this strategy, employees will remain motivated and committed to innovation and novelty and therefore production will increase. Because of this rule, some very successful ideas have emerged such as Gmail, and Google Talk. HR Strategy Rationale Google is continuing to grow every year, and some of these HR strategies are  becoming more challenging. Behind every strategy comes rationale for using it and how it provides continued success within the company. It is important to note that HR strategies, activities, and policies are actually driving Google’s corporate business success. Google’s HR strategies reveal that the company’s approach helped in increasing employee productivity. The average Google employee generates more than $1 million in revenue each year (Lawler, 2014). The following will give rationale for each strategy previously discussed. People Operations Rationale People operations focus on the idea that HR is not just administrative functions but ideally focuses on the meat of the company. The meat of the company is people or human capital. Human capital is the stock of knowledge, skills, and abilities among employees that provide economic value to the organization (McShane, 2013). This rationale was developed as part of the overall business strategy at Google. Google takes pride in their human capital by ensuring they are part of the team and actively involved in the decision making process (Bock, 2011). Human capital can also consist of employee capability, employee satisfaction, and employee sustainability. These three components of human capital are considered an essential part of organizational growth. Employee capability is the creativity and knowledge that an employee contributes to the organization. Employee satisfaction refers primarily to an employee’s emotional or affective state. An employee’s overall satisfaction relates positively to job satisfaction, reflecting the difference between what the employees want from their job and what they perceive it as offering to their overall success within the organization. If employee satisfaction is high, then an employee’s commitment to the organization is high which will result in a greater retention of that employee. Management Style Rationale The main philosophy at Google that backs up their management style is open door policy. Top management leaves their office door open in order for workers to feel free to come and talk directly versus phone or email communication. The official policy states in part  Google desires to maintain a friendly, cooperative atmosphere between  employees and all levels of management. Consequently, the company provides opportunities for you to express yourself without recrimination. If you have a problem with your manager that, despite your mutual efforts, cannot be resolved, you may discuss this with the next higher level of management or with human resources. While Google prides itself on being an open organization where you can approach any member of management directly, we recommend you first attempt to resolve the issue through your manager or human resources (Gupta, 2009). This open style of management allows better communication between staff and management, and can help ensure staff is more productive at solving problems that may arise. Hiring and Recruitment Rationale The rationale for using small teams to do all the hiring for Google is quite simple. These teams seek to recruit and hire the most qualified individuals out of thousands of applicants. The hiring decisions are made by a team in order to prevent individual hiring managers from hiring people for their own short-term needs. Human resources also approach recruiting scientifically. They have developed a way to predict which candidates have the highest probability of succeeding after they are hired. This rationale saves time and money, and provides a greater success rate for new applicants turning into long-term employees. Training and Development Rationale A properly trained employee is an essential part of maintaining a successful organization. Research has shown that a majority of people learn by on the job training, including a hands-on approach. Google has adopted this rationale for their training programs by not focusing only on classroom training but by placing emphasis on hands-on training. Google has increased discovery and learning through project rotations, and learning from failures (Sullivan, 2013a). They believe a well-trained employee will increase production as well as increase the company’s reputation. As productivity and reputation rises the profits will also rise. Compensation Rationale Rationale behind the lower compensation packages offered at Google has to do with the importance of work/life balance philosophy. As previously discussed Google places a significant amount of importance on the benefits offered  instead of the actual monetary salaries. Money is important to survive but Google also wants to make everyday life easier for employees by offering in house daycares, and free meals along with many other benefits. If they can keep the employees from spending their work time performing life chores, then they will increase productivity by improving the employee’s job satisfaction. 70/20/10 Rule Rationale This concept allows the employee to grow in their abilities as an employee and as a person. By allowing this concept, Google is reinforcing its relationship with its staff and developing brand strength externally. Good news spreads quickly. As a happy employee who enjoys spending time creating their own projects, shares with outside friends and family, this increases customer satisfaction for the brand name of Google. This rule is part of Google’s HR strategy as well as their business model strategy. Analysis of HR Strategy Google has developed an effective HR strategy that does align with their overall organizational strategy. One of the biggest parts of their organizational business strategy is to focus on people. Google executives have learned that continuous innovation cannot occur until a firm makes a strategic shift toward a focus on great people management (Sullivan, 2013b). By shifting to this idea of hiring great people versus hiring mediocre people, the business decisions will reflect their knowledge, skills, and ability. Executives at Google have a clear understanding of strategies in the human resource department, and have a clear understanding of how they effectively tie into the overall business strategy of the company. One thing they have done successfully is to focus all business decisions on data and analytics. This is evident in the HR department with how they make their decisions. A mission goal that they highlight is to bring the same level of rigor to people-decisions than they do to engineering decisions (Sullivan, 2013b). Reinventing the HR strategy at Google has been a success. Top executives coached effective ways to measure human resources so they can improve in  this area. One deficient area Google was able to recognize was the areas of predictive analytics, statistics, and mathematics that would be needed to transition into the databased model of a HR strategy. Change can be difficult, and some HR managers are not open to this idea of a data based approach when they consider HR to be a people based function. The transition to the data based approach of HR could have been introduced in a more effective manner among current HR managers at Google. When this concept was first introduced, it was done ineffectively. Management decided to change the strategy and without warning made it effective. Open communication is key to effective strategies within an organization. A change of this magnitude needs to be tested, and employees should be coached and eased into before it can be an effective change. HR’s Effectiveness and Metrics HR metrics is important because it allows organizations to make the connection between the value of what HR is doing and the outcomes of the business. One of the key metrics within Google that make their HR strategies effective is the revenue factor. It indicates the effectiveness of company operation with the use of the employees as their human capital. Without this key metric, human resources would be the same as any other organization. Changes and Alternatives After researching Google, it is hard to think of many needed changes to their already effective HR strategies. I would recommend to HR and management that they continue to stress the importance of training and development with all current employees as well as any new employees. I would also recommend that HR take full advantage of continuing to implement the job rotation strategy. This will provide employees insight to each department, and the job duties of other employees as well as the different jobs available at Google. Call to Action In order to implement these recommended changes it will be necessary to call to action all management and the human resources department. One way for training and development to remain a top priority to all employees is to develop a reward system for completing the required number of hours of training, and additional rewards for extra training in the employees’ area of expertise. These rewards should be monetary. Human resources should develop a rotation schedule with the help of the employee’s on-site manager. Once the employee is properly trained in their area of expertise they should then be rotated through each department that works directly with their department. This will not only help employees learn about the other departments but they will also gain an understanding of the duties of other employees. This will make requests from other departments less stressful to all employees, as they will know what it takes to generate and submit that information. Conclusion Google has placed great emphasis on the people within their organization and made these valued people part of their HR strategies. This strategy has been highly successful to this organization. Many organizations could benefit from the simple HR strategies that Google has focused on in their company. Sometimes it is not what you know but whom you hire. This is a common philosophy at Google as they strive to continue to hire great people to do a great job. References Bock, L. (2011). Yale Insights. What’s the Google approach to human capital?. Retrieved August 11, 2014, from http://insights.som.yale.edu/insights/whats-google-approach-human-capital. Gupta, A. (2009). Strategic HR Planning at Google Inc. Scribd. Retrieved August 17, 2014, from http://www.scribd.com/doc/13286610/Strategic-HR-Planning-at-Google-In. Lawler, E. (2014). What Should HR Leaders Focus On In 2014?. Forbes. Retrieved August 17, 2014, from http://www.forbes.com/sites/edwardlawler/2014/01/15/what-should-hr-leaders-focus-on-in-2014/. McShane, S. L., & Von Glinow, M. A. (2013). Organizational Behavior Emerging Knowledge Global Reality. (6th ed). New York: McGraw-hill Irwin. Sullivan, J. (2013a). How Google Became the #3 Most Valuable Firm by Using People Analytics to Reinvent HR. Retrieved from http://www.ere.net/2013/02/25/how-google-became-the-3-most-valuable-firm-by-using-people-analytics-to-reinvent-hr/. Sullivan, J. (2013b). How Google Is Using People Analytics to Completely Reinvent HR. TLNT. Retrieved August 19, 2014, from http://www.tlnt.com/2013/02/26/how-google-is-using-people-analytics-to-completely-reinvent-hr/. Zhong, R. (2011). Human Resource Management Issues at Google. Human Resource Management Issues at Google. Retrieved August 15, 2014, from http://www.slideshare.net/rachelzhong814/human-resource-management-issues-at-google.

Planning and Preparing for Teaching and Learning Essay

At present my role is of a hairdressing teacher in a further education college. I currently teach hairdressing on the NVQ level 1, 2 and 3 programs. Gravel’s, A (2006, p5) suggests that it is all about helping someone to reach their full potential, whether this is for personal or professional reasons, and for me, helping to make a difference to someone’s life can be very rewarding. Within this assignment I am aiming to discuss the learning outcomes as outlined in Unit 1 – Planning and preparing for teaching and learning to define the roles and responsibilities of a teacher. Reece and Walker (2003, P4) describe a modern teacher as being a facilitator and when comparing a modern teaching role to more traditional teaching methods, I agree that this is true. As the modern role requires the teacher to be able to communicate with the learners in such a way as to inspire and encourage all learners to engage within their chosen subject. To be able to do this is vital when teaching within further education as groups consist of not just different age ranges but also learners from different learning backgrounds, with individual needs and abilities. Due to this diversity, it becomes more important for teachers to explore new and inventive ways when approaching schemes of work and session plans, whilst ensuring it covers all the aims and outcomes of the syllabus set out by the awarding body (VTCT) and follows an internal strategy which is monitored by an external verifier to ensure that standards are being adhered to. By doing this it will ensure that the aims and o bjectives planned in a session are meaningful and relevant to all learners. One of the roles of a teacher is to identify learners’ needs thus ensuring the learners are not only on the correct course but also on the correct level for their ability. It is my responsibility to facilitate initial assessments, assessing and monitoring the various learning styles for each individual learner, taking into consideration the learners prior experiences, knowledge and motivation both academically and within their home life in order for individuals to achieve their full potential. During this initial assessment the learner is encouraged to disclose any disabilities and/or learning difficulties so that any need for additional support may be identified and the appropriate measures can be put into place to support them. This could be in class support, adapted or specialised equipment or resources or referring them to a specialised department for support or guidance. It is also the responsibility of the teacher to know what will need to be disclosed and what is to be kept confidential. Due to government requirements, to improve basic core skills further assessments (BKSB) are carried out which identify learners’ levels in numeracy, literacy and ICT. The completion of these tests allow for any additional learning needs to be identified thus ensuring that support is put into place to assist the learner. This allows for more effective learning to take place and will allow the teacher a deeper insight into the learners’ level of learning therefore allowing the teacher to challenge the more capable learner whilst allowing the less able learner to be encouraged. Another role of the teacher would be to plan for the academic year. This would include producing a scheme of work for each unit covered. The scheme of work is a working document and is frequently evaluated and reflected throughout the year and adapted as I gain a deeper knowledge of each learner’s requirements. This knowledge is gained through the initial assessments which would include a learning style questionnaire, observations carried out during sessions and from each learner’s ILP (individual learning plan) which is a document produced by each individual learner that takes into consideration the learner’s strengths and weaknesses. While more traditional teaching methods are based on the principle that all learners should get equal attention, follow the same curriculum and are assessed at the same level (‘One size fits all’), an ILP presumes that the needs of each individual learner are different, and therefore should be addressed on an individual basis. Research has shown that putting emphasis on the individual learner’s role is vital to a productive learning experience. It is important to take this into consideration when producing resources and session plans to ensure that all sessions are inclusive to all learners. Regularly updating and assessing the individual learner’s ILP enables me to review a learner’s progress, negotiate priorities with the learner and agree with them an individual learning plan. By doing this it will allow the learner to take responsibility for their own education whist ensuring that they are following the same curriculum design. I would then input the individual goals set onto an assessment tracking system (Pro-monitor) this information is available to all teachers in that curriculum area so that they are aware of individual goals set ensuring continuity and in turn creating an assessment cycle action plan for the academic year. This process allows for the learner’s progress to be continually reviewed against the goals that have been set and allows for them to be amended in order to extend. It is the responsibility of the teacher to have a detailed profile of the learners, to allow for differentiation in session plans. The responsibility is to plan lessons that will incorporate varying learning styles to ensure that learners have equal rights to learn. The completion of attendance records, carrying out one to one interviews and clear differentiation sheets for all learners should be completed and regularly updated and records kept. It is the teacher’s responsibility to recognise the limitations and boundaries within their role, therefore referring learners to the relevant departments for support that falls outside of their expertise for example, the ESOL, Learner Support, and Counselling departments. As Dow and Truman said, â€Å"Teachers do not – and certainly should not – act alone, nor should they imagine that there are no limits or boundaries to their responsibilities† (Dow & Truman, 1995). The teacher needs to remember the aim of ’Every Child Matters’ (ECM, 2003) and that every child has the right to learn in a safe learning environment that promotes openness and trust. Ensuring the layout of the classroom is suitable, gives all learners an equal opportunity to engage in activities. However in my specific role as a hairdressing teacher this is not always possible when working in the salon where all learners have individual stations to work at. Whilst this is beneficial for independent learning I always ensure that there is an open space to gather learners for demonstrations and group work.

An Analysis of a Saint or Sinner through Merton’s Strain Theory of Deviance

Merton’s strain theory presupposes that deviant and criminal behavior is a result of deprivation within the societal structures. This is due to a failed integration of socially accepted goals with the means to achieve them. Within this theory Merton provides five adaptation modes which people utilize to cope with the strain. These adaptations may end in either good adaptation or development of deviant/criminal behavior. Al Capone is an example of this theory as he is a possible example of innovation adaptation leading towards criminal behavior as symbolized by his success within the crime world of the 1930s. An Analysis of a Saint or Sinner through Merton’s Strain Theory of Deviance American sociologist Robert K. Merton borrowed Durkheim's concept of anomie to create his own theory which he called the Strain Theory. The theory presupposes that delinquency is not merely a response to sudden social changes as theorized by Durkheim but is instead a result of a social structure that fails to integrate predetermined societal goals with the means to accomplish them. This structural disintegration leads to the formation of deviant behaviors and ultimately criminal behavior. According to the theory, there are five modes of adaptation that people form as a reaction towards the strain caused by the restriction from socially accepted goals and means. These are namely conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism and rebellion. These adaptations can either lead to both positive and negative outcomes. For example, adaptation through retreatism can lead to social withdrawal and thus creates for a better likelihood of turning towards drug and alcohol abuse (Sociology at Hewett, 1999). As for another example, the well known and iconic American mobster Alphonsus ‘Al’ Capone is a possible outcome of the innovation mode of adaptation. Born to Italian immigrant parents, Al Capone didn’t have a privileged childhood. Together with seven other siblings, they lived in lower Brooklyn, a notably rough neighborhood. Al dropped out of school at the age of 14 and became a member of two kid gangs, the Brooklyn Rippers and Forty Thieves Juniors. Al Capone lived most of his life during the â€Å"gangland† era of American history to which he used his innovative skills to get ahead. The success of his mob organization, known as The Outfits, is solely credited to Al Capone’s organizational skills. Within five years of inheriting the organization from mentor Torrio, Capone has managed to take over most of the underground market of Chicago. Alternately, his rise to power also signaled the worst period of lawlessness America has ever faced (Chicago Historical Society, 1999 n. . ). Al Capone’s brilliant actions in the world of organized profiteering are classic examples of innovation leading to criminal behavior. Deprived by society’s structure of the means (education, opportunities) to attain the common goal of â€Å"good fortune through hard work,† Al Capone instead turned to the world of organized crime to attain his multi-million fortune. Deprivation is the primary cause of deviant behavior acc ording to the strain theory but this doesn’t limit deprivation to the economic sense only. If it were the case, then there won’t be any offenders in modern society who belonged to the capable and well-off , but as we all know that isn’t the case. In reality there are cases of privileged individuals who still manifest deviant or criminal behavior. Their behavior is still rooted in deprivation somewhere along the societal structure but this may imply other areas. Such areas may include metaphysical and psychological territories possibly including intellectual capacities, emotional quotients, psychologic anomalies and many more.

Tootsie Roll Industries Essays

Tootsie Roll Industries Essays Tootsie Roll Industries Paper Tootsie Roll Industries Paper The report given is about a Chicago based company called Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Tootsie Roll Industries is an old company that has been manufacturing and selling candy for more than 110 years and has come a long way after a number of merger and acquisitions to add to the brands’ product line. The company currently operates in 30 countries. However, it is imperative that the company operations should be extended to other countries to make Tootsie Rolls a household name in every country. As an International Business Development Manager of this company, I have suggested expanding the company operations to Pakistan where the consumers look for newer products. And even though the local competition provides candies at lower prices, the lack of quantity and quality of the local candies has made them undesirable for the brand conscious middle and upper class of the country. Moreover, the imported chocolates of the companies Hershey’s, Cadbury, Nestle and Mars can not be afforded often by the lower middle and the middle class who also have desire to consume high quality sweets and chocolates. The report discusses the company operations, target market, brands and core competencies. Then the report presents recommendations about the target country and comprehensively analyses and discusses how and why this country is suitable for expanding the company operations. II. COMPANY ANALYSIS Tootsie Roll Industries is a manufacturer of confectionery in the United States. Its best known products / brands have been Tootsie Rolls which are â€Å"chewy chocolate -flavoured candies† and Tootsie Pops, â€Å"hard candy lollipops filled with chewy chocolate-flavoured Tootsie Rolls†. Along with these, the company has added to its brands by acquiring other confectioners. The company was established in 1896 by an Austriant immigrant called Leo Hirshfield who brought his own recipe when he came to America. He first started to produce Tootsie Rolls in a small store in New York City. In 1917, the company was called The Sweets Company of America, and in 1966, adopted its current name of Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Since its inception, the company has expanded by acquiring several famous brands of confections such as Mason Division from Candy Corporation of America, Cellas Confections, The Charms Company, The Warner-Lambert Company (excluding gum mints), Andes Candies, and Concord Confections. â€Å"Tootsie Roll Industries currently markets its brands internationally in Canada, Mexico, and over 30 other countries. The companys heaquarters are located in Chicago. † The company has been operating successfully under the auspices of the married team of 87-year-old chairman and CEO Melvin Gordon and 75-year-old president and COO Ellen Gordon who control 80% of the companys voting power. The company has been known to use the same formula for over 100 years. Its Charms and Tootsie Pops brands make it one of the largest lollipop producers in the world. According to Hoover’s Fact Sheet, Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. has total of 26 competitors in the confectionary and candy industry in the countries in which it is operating. However, the most important ones are Hershey, Mars and Nestle. Mars is considered to be the industry leader manufacturing high quality and high energy brands such as Twix, Mars, Snickers, Milky Way, MMs, etc. that not only cater to the children but adults of all ages as well. Customers/ Target Market The company mostly targets the children and to some extent the younger population (teenagers) up to the age of 18. However, Tootsie also targets the adults as well for using its products in the offices, meetings, social gatherings, parties, and special occasions so that they become a family product rather than a child’s. Even though, candies and sweets are products that are primarily for the children, the products are used by and popular among all ages both young and old. During the Korean War, Tootsie Rolls was very famous among the armed forces. According to them, Tootsie Rolls reminded them of their country America, and gave them hope and kept them alive during the war. US military has since been a major part of the loyal customers of Tootsie products. Tootsie Rolls has been a nostalgic reminder of home bringing them good memories about their country. Also, the brands such as Charms Family Fun and Child’s Play specifically cater to family occasions such as Halloween and birthday parties. Moreover, they do not cater to any specific income class; hence they are affordable and liked by affluent as well as the middle class. Products and Services The company is basically into manufacturing candies and confectionery industry. Tootsie’s core products are candies and confectionery items such as chocolates, toffees, caramel sweets, bubble gums, lollipops, jellies, cotton candy, etc. It has added to its original brand of Tootsie Rolls by mergers and acquisitions and has extended its product line and customer base since its inception. Some famous brands manufactured and sold by the company are as follows: 1. Tootsie Rolls Tootsie Rolls was the first product that was produced and sold by Leo Hirshfield in his small shop that brought the company fames. â€Å"Hirshfield hand rolled and wrapped his chewy, chocolate flavored creation and named the candy after his 5-year-old daughter, Clara, whose nickname was Tootsie. Tootsie Roll was the first wrapped penny candy in America. † Today, Tootsie Rolls are produced using the same basic recipe that was used by its creator over a century ago. About 62 million Tootsie Rolls are produced every day. Tootsie Rolls now come in a variety of shapes and sizes.

Necrophillia essays

Necrophillia essays The sexuality topic I chose to research was Necrophilia. I picked necrophilia because I wanted to know what makes people want to have sex with corpses. I got the necrophilia article on the internet at Robs Necrophilia Fantasy, a site where they condone sexual activity with human corpses. By definition necrophilia is a term that describes engaging in sexual acts with a dead person. The act of necrophilia usually requires a victim... bondage, rape, s (Robs Necrophilia Fantasy) Believing that a persons corpse would condone sexual activity seems disturbing to me. Im sure if the person had felt they had to say, I would not like anyone to have sex with my body after I am dead that they would. The idea of having sex with the dead is not new in human history and its practice has not been limited to only sociopaths, psychos, and serial killers. In fact, killing for the sake of sex after death, while sensationalized by famous serial killers, is not really the "norm" of one fantasizing sex with a dead person. Clinically speaking, Necrophilia is simply one fetish in a long list of paraphilia. These paraphilias are simply terms which identify for the psychology and psychiatric professionals persons with extreme obsessions in these areas. (Robs Necrophilia Fantasy) One of the controversial issues associated with Necrophilia is the people who handle the corpses in mortuaries. To this day the various professions dealing with the preparation and handling of corpses have the highest incidence of ...

The Man who makes History essays

The Man who makes History essays The believe that it is the man who determines history is totally true. The man is the cause of almost anything is great regard in history. The actions of man has been to go against what is perceived as impossible. To defy the odds and go against the grain. Jesse Owens and Muhammad Ali, prove the position at hand. In Jesse Owens case, you could say that he was in the right place at the right time. However, he was an American. An African-American. An African-American who was going against, the Master Race of Adolf Hitler. Not to mention the hostile crowd that packed the Coliseum of Berlin in the 1936 Olympics. Owens went on to win 4 gold medals, in the 100 meters, 200 meters, the long jump, and the 4x100 relay. If it were any other American, this event wouldnt have so much. Since it was Mr. Owens, it meant that much more. You would expect a boxer who is brash, cocky, and who had a swagger one could only dream, to be hated by everyone. To have the living daylights knocked out of them by someone who didnt want to hear about all the crap he had been saying days before a fight. For Cassius Clay, also known as Muhammad Ali, Ali was confident, not arrogant. Ali believed, he didnt fill the hype. He just believed in what he knew and he let everyone know about it. When the Vietnam war arouse in the late 1960s, Muhammad Ali was given a forced decision. He received a letter in the mail telling him by the Selective Service that he must report to camp to prepare to go to Vietnam for war. He had one of two choices, number #1, to go to war and not go to jail even though his Muslim belief stated that it was wrong, or number #2, go to jail, give up his Heavyweight championship, and go in opposition to the government, and stick up for what he believed in. So he went to jail, lost his title, and stood up for wh at he believed in, all is it in the prime of his ...

Top 10 Hacks That Will Super Charge Your Resume

Top 10 Hacks That Will Super Charge Your Resume GoGirl Finance’s Elana Konstant has some vital tips for your resume in the era of online applications. True, the first set of eyes on your resume will probably be a digital reader looking for industry buzzwords, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t crucial steps of preparing your resume. Pay close attention, and get ready to improve your hiring odds.   Here are some of the best resume tips in 2016 that’ll help land your next job interview. 1. Know your targetGet really friendly with â€Å"save as† while updating your resume. With every job you apply for, parse the job posting closely to find out what responsibilities and experiences they’re seeking in an ideal candidate. Highlight the most relevant features wherever you can, and craft a specifically tailored version of your resume to submit. Make sure you set up a naming system for your files so you don’t get them confused (I suggested [Your Last Name] _ [Company Name] _ [Date].doc).2. Prioritize your achievementsWhen summarizing each job description, put the most relevant achievements first and list the rest in descending order of relevance. Consider having a brief summary section at the top of your resume to grab the reader right away. Once you’ve acquired a significant employment history, you can also move your education to the end of your resume instead of leading with it.3. Deliver your value in your cover letterYour cover letter should always seek to answer the questions â€Å"Why this company?† â€Å"Why you?† and â€Å"Why right now?†, overtly or subtly. In Konstant’s words, â€Å"be forceful in selling your experience, skills, and drive. Always put yourself in the perspective of the employer and be sure your resume responds to the listed job requirements.†4. Use industry key termsUsing precise industry terms shows that you’re knowledgable about the position, the company, and the field as a whole. Harvest k eywords from the job description, industry research and sites like LinkedIn or Glassdoor, ask prospective colleagues for informational interviews over coffee, and use the words as early in your materials as possible.5. Be specific about what you achieved in your previous jobsWhen describing your previous employment history, be as particular as you can about defining the scale and scope of your responsibilities. Did you secure impressive grant amounts? Publish an imposing number of papers? Can you point to individual successes that can be quantified and measured?6. Gain more experienceYou may be seeking jobs you aren’t yet experienced enough to earn–figure out what outside certifications or internship experiences you can pursue to boost your bona fides. Consulting can offer hands-on experience without even requiring you to leave your current job, if you have one. Don’t wait to be hired to become proficient in your field.7. Name dropA writer friend of mine precede s every pitch to a magazine or online journal by asking her Facebook network, â€Å"Who do I know at X?† Most of the time it yields her an editorial contact or a tip for how to frame her proposal, which makes bypassing gatekeepers that much easier. Whenever possible, find out the name of the hiring person (something as simple as calling the switchboard can get it done!) and direct your cover letter to them specifically. If you were referred by a colleague, mention them in your first sentence.8. Maximize real estateFind the sweet spot between an overloaded, cluttered page and a bare listing of your accomplishments. For each piece of experience, have a topic sentence with action verbs, and a list of specific responsibilities and accomplishments. Aim for a one page document unless they’ve asked for a CV.9. Be consistentThis is a chance to show off your attention to detail–make sure you’re formatting places, dates, and company names the same way, every time. Even an errant space can make your layout look sloppy. Use a fresh, but non-novelty, font, bold your job titles, and fixate on commas and periods until you’ve achieved a uniform, polished look.10. ProofreadGet an extra set of eyes on your materials. Inaccuracies are bad, but typos and careless errors can be even worse. Miscommunications can be explained but, not having taken the time to eradicate errors can be a fatal mistake.

The Major Hickory Species in North America

The Major Hickory Species in North America Trees in the genus Carya (from Ancient Greek for nut) are commonly known as hickory. The worldwide hickory genus includes 17–19 species of deciduous trees with pinnately compound leaves and large nuts. North America has the overwhelming edge on the  number of native hickory species, with a dozen or so (11–12 in the United States, one in Mexico), while there are five or six species from China and Indochina. The hickory tree, along with the oaks, dominates the hardwood forests of eastern North America. Identifying the Common Hickories There are six species of Carya that make up the most common hickories found in North America. They come from three major groups called shagbark (which has shaggy bark), pignut (which rarely has shaggy bark), and the pecan group. The shaggy bark is a clear identifier to separate the shagbark group from the pignut group, though some older hickories have slightly scaly bark. Hickories have a nutritious nut meat that is covered by a very hard shell, which is in turn covered by a splitting husk shell (as opposed to a larger walnut that drops with a complete husk cover). This fruit is located at the twig tips in clusters of three to five. Search for them for under a tree to help in identification. They have branching flowering catkins  just below the emerging new leaf umbrella-like dome in spring. Not all are eaten by humans. The leaves of hickory are mostly alternately placed along the twig, in contrast to a similar-looking ash tree leaf that is in an opposite arrangement. The hickory leaf is always  pinnately  compound,  and the individual leaflets can be  finely serrated or toothed. Identification While Dormant Hickory twigs have tan,  five-sided or angled soft centers called piths,  which are a major identifier. The trees bark is variable along species lines and not helpful except for loose, flaky bark on the shagbark hickory group. The trees fruit is a nut, and splitting husks are often visible under a dormant tree. Most hickory species have stout twigs with large terminal buds. Growing North American Hickory Species These large, long-lived, slow-growing deciduous trees are known for being good shade trees and feature golden color in the fall. They are difficult to transplant because of their long taproot and might be hard to find in nurseries. Their bark is a range of gray colors, whether they have shaggy bark or not, and youll find them in USDA Zones 4–9, though the pecan is found in Zones 5–9. Fruit drops from late summer into autumn. Shagbark hickory tree. Roger Smith/Getty Images Shagbark hickory, Carya ovata, is as you would imagine, a tree with shaggy bark that peels away in big pieces. Their mature height is 60–80 feet tall, with a 30–50-foot width. Leaves are  8 to 14 inches long, with five to seven leaflets  These trees are tolerant of a wide range of conditions, such as drought, acidic or alkaline soil, but do need a well-drained, large location free from salty soil. The round nut has a four-sectioned husk. Shellbark Hickory bark: Carya laciniosa. DEA/C.SAPPA/Getty Images The shellbark hickory, Carya laciniosa, is a shaggy gray-bark species. This hickory grows up to 75–100 feet tall with a 50–75-foot width. Its not tolerant of alkaline soils or drought conditions, salt spray or salty soils and needs a big area of well-draining soil. Its best grown in moist soils. Leaves are in clusters of seven to nine leaflets. Oval nuts have a five- to six-sectioned husk and are the largest of the hickory species. Carya tomentosa, Mockernut hickory. Gary Ombler/Getty Images The mockernut hickory, Carya tomentosa, reaches 50–60 feet tall and 20–30 feet wide. Its tolerant of drought but not poor drainage and is best in slightly acidic soil, as its intolerant of alkaline soils and salt in the soil. Its leaves are alternate, compound leaves with seven to nine leaflets that are hairy on the underside and the stalk; the largest will be the terminal leaf.  Its nuts ripen in fall and have four sections. Pignut hickory tree. Stan Osolinski/Getty Images The pignut hickory, Carya glabra, is a dark-gray tree that extends to 50–60 feet in height with a spread of 25–35 feet. It does well in a variety of soils. It moderately tolerates salty soil and hangs in there through drought, but it doesnt do well in areas of poor drainage. As the tree ages, the bark may appear slightly shaggy. Its alternate, compound leaves are 8 to 12 inches long with five to seven leaflets, with the one on the end being the largest. The bitter nuts are pear-shaped and have four ridges on the husks, which do not easily come off of the nut. Carya Illinoensis (Pecan tree), tree with yellow leaves in park. Dorling Kindersley/Getty Images The pecan tree, Carya illinoinensis, contains the sweetest nuts of all the hickory trees and is one of the most important native North American nut trees, though it can be a messy tree to grow due to leaf and fruit drop. It grows 70–100 feet tall with a spread of 40–75 feet. Its tolerant of acidic soils and only moderately tolerant of alkaline soils. Itll handle some poor drainage all right but not drought, salt spray, or salty soil. The bark is brownish black, and leaves are 18–24 inches long, containing nine to 17 narrow, long leaflets with a hook shape near each tip. Nuts are cylindrical. Carya cordiformis (Butternut hickory), green-leaved tree.   James Young/Getty Images The bitternut hickory, Carya cordiformis, also commonly called the swamp hickory, loves moist conditions and hates drought and poor drainage, though it can be found in some drier landscapes in addition to its typical low, wet conditions. It needs a large area to grow and can reach 50–70 feet high and 40–50 feet wide when mature. It prefers acidic soil but can tolerate alkaline. It can handle some salt spray but not salty soil. Leaves contain seven to 11 long, narrow leaflets. It grows bitter nuts that, although not poisonous, to humans are more of the inedible variety due to their taste. The nuts are about an inch long and have four-sectioned, thin husks. To identify the tree in winter, look for its bright yellow buds.

Canada And Humanitarianism During The 20th Century History Essay

Canada And Humanitarianism During The 20th Century History Essay At present day, Canada is a country widely affiliated with peacekeeping, third world aid, and humanitarianism, to people internationally. Canada being one of the most culturally diverse nations, Canada has been known to accept many people regardless of controversial individual characteristics, such as gender, religious views, sexual orientation, or place of birth. Though, it is human nature internationally to distinguish and isolate fellow beings based on these criteria, yet to be humanitarian one must have an ideology of kindness, consideration and compassion towards all people, regardless of their status. However, during the past century, Canada had not stuck to its philanthropic nature as one would have believed. Primarily, the various discriminatory and restrictive laws which were instituted by the Canadian government. Secondly, Canadian treatment of certain groups of people was poor and unfair. Lastly, Canada had unethically weakened the rights of particular citizens. Although Canada may be considered a nation that does not discriminate any person, Canada went through a very rough and arguable past, during the last century, and humanitarianism is and has not been a part of Canada’s national identity. Firstly, humanitarianism is not part of Canada’s national identity, since Canada had implemented many laws that were restrictive and discriminatory against people residing in Canada. Japanese Canadians first started immigrating to Canada, particularly British Columbia in large numbers during the late 1800’s through to the early 1900’s. Due to the majority of white skinned people living in Canada at the time, the Japanese community was unfortunately subject to indirect discrimination and harsh treatment due to descent. In B.C., many political leaders passed various laws including the denial of voting rights aimed at the Japanese population, for the sole purpose of encouraging them to leave the country (â€Å"Japanese Canadians†). Among other things, Japanese immigrants were not able to work like other Canadian citizens, they were given poor wages and laws were passed to prevent them from working in professions they might have had in their country of origin (â€Å"Japanese Canadians†). Twelve weeks after the attacks on Pearl Harbour the Canadian passed the War Measures Act which had allowed the Canadian government to legally remove Japanese people living in Canada within a 160km of the pacific coast (â€Å"Japanese Canadians†). Japanese Canadians had to undergo many situations similar to these due to government policies, though most policies were solely created or instituted due to Japanese discrimination. On another note, there was also many laws and policies passed by the government to further discourage and prevent the immigration of Japanese or any other racial distinction other than the preferred, from entering Canada. An example of this was the Komagata Maru incident, where 376 Punjab is from Eastern India had boarded the Japanese-owned ship to sail to Canada in hopes of boarding and living in Canada (â€Å"Komagata Maru†). Due to the views of Canada on immigration, Canada had put into effect an order-in-council that required immigrants travelling by boat to travel in a non-stop continuous passage to Canada (â€Å"Komagata Maru†). This made it extremely difficult for immigrants to successfully enter Canada. Upon arrival, majority of the people on board were detained, they had then lost their case to get into Canada, and were planning on a how to depart. They had departed back to Kolkata, India in a Canadian provided cruiser, upon arrival they were under suspicion by police which then resulted in 20 of the passengers being killed (â€Å"Komagata Maru†). This is a clear historical event that could have been prevented by the government of Canada, as there was no reasons for the harsh treatment of the innocent passengers of this particular ship u pon arrival on Canada. Canada’s ignorance for others particularly Asian immigrants further show why humanitarianism has not been part of Canada’s national identity.

The Constitution creates a system that was designed to fail AND the Essay

The Constitution creates a system that was designed to fail AND the existence of a set of fundamental American values - Essay Example It also guaranteed a stronger horizontal separation of power amongst the executive, the legislature and the judiciary, thus improves institutional checks and balances while at the same time granting some autonomy to various government organs (Ellis 49). It also established the Supreme Court that would be the final arbiter in matters of law, therefore improving access to justice and resolving interstate, state-federal as well as well as conflict between the said entities and individuals. To this extent, the constitution was designed to achieve success. Even though the constitution had such praiseworthy aspects, the US creates enormously stronger federal government, with highly nationalized values. Therefore, resources get to be majorly centralized; as such the states become extremely subservient to the federal government (Wood 28).Basically all the prime sectors and taxes are in control of the federal governments. This is a weakness, since it is the states that are closer to the peopl e and therefore stand a better chance to respond faster to the need of the people, in comparison to the federal government (Ellis 49). The congress has on some occasions exercised its legislative power to pass laws that interfere with the processes already running in the states. For instance, in United States v. Morrison, pursuant to its powers under the Commerce Clause and the Fourth Amendment (Section 5), the Congress had enacted a statute, Violence against Women Act (VAWA) which provided civil remedies to gender –based violence victims against their assailants. This was based on argument that such injustices against women hindered their free participation in interstate commerce and thus a remedy was essential. The court struck down a part of this law since the law was not dealing with cases that were economic in nature. The congress had over stretched its powers under the constitution to interfere with state court, by offering a federal filing for such cases. VAWA dealt wi th a social issue (gender violence) and its economic impact on interstate Commerce was indirect and marginal. Similar scenario arose in United States v. Lopez, where the court pointed out that Commercial Clause could only be applied in cases that are directly economic in nature. United States v. Morrison defines the sensitive question of the relationship between the Congressional powers and the State powers, and in particular, the extent to which the congress may limit areas that are traditionally defined as being within the scope of the state. These decisions reveal judicial activisms in favor of state sovereignty at the expense of federalism and to strengthen the state power. The Existence of a Set of Fundamental American Values Values refer to the standards that have consciously or unconsciously set by members of a particular culture or society upon which the desirable and undesirable are distinguished behaviors (Dahrendorf 14). Values therefore form a basis for judging the peopl e and their actions, from a cultural approach, in order to determine whether they are good or bad, valuable or worthless, beautiful or ugly or whether they are prized or shunned. The values have a great role in shaping our actions and behaviour. For quite long, Americans have been known for their set of values, mostly the value of freedom and independence. This is reflected in a number of Constitutional Amendments that puts

Disagree that the underrepresentation of women in science and Research Paper

Disagree that the underrepresentation of women in science and engineering is the result of innate differences in aptitude and interests - Research Paper Example The explanations given have had implications on public policies. Additionally the conclusions made on such issues are likely to affect education, roles of males and females in the society, as well as the attitude of people towards education. This essay will argue that the underrepresentation of women in science and engineering is not the result of innate differences in aptitude and interests but due to other factors. Over the last half century, women have made tremendous progress in educational achievements. They have been able to venture in fields that were historically considered as male fields, which include law, business, and medicine. However, the number of women who have ventured in the fields of science and engineering remains low. This has led to several speculations regarding the reasons for sex differences in the aforementioned careers (Laursen and Bill 18-22). Some speculations are biased since they attempt to argue that males have certain talents and temperaments that enable them to succeed in science and engineering while women lack such talents. Another position used to explain the underrepresentation is the nurture position, which is based on the argument that males and females are biologically similar and the sex related difference, arise due to socialization and biasness. Other positions are intermediate and use both biological and socialization as well as biasness arguments to explain the sex differences in the fields of science and engineering (Trefil and Sarah 49-52; Bix 27-33) Several factors can be attributed to the underrepresentation of women in science and engineering careers. One of the major factors is the level of commitment required in the two fields. Pursuing courses in science and engineering and working in the related field requires a lot of commitment in terms of time and energy. Women especially

Information Systems Management & Quality Coursework

Information Systems Management & Quality - Coursework Example A good example would be the purchase of a computer system for Bexley Hospital worth  £12 billion. Did they not prepare a Needs Analysis based on survey and statistics so that the knowledge of â€Å"usefulness† or â€Å"functionality† of the computer system could be a solid basis for disapproving the budget for such a computer system? The government must have haphazardly allocated and implemented a  £ 12 billion budget only to realize that out of 9,000 organizations, only 160 would use the system. According to Michael Savage, that functionality was discovered only after the implementation process. What might be the reason why it seems that government does not have quality control over IT governance? This case study concerning Bexley Hospital was chosen because it clearly represents a situation wherein no pre-planning or poor planning was done using a comprehensive model that can screen a decision whether or not to approve and fund a project. According to David Camero n, the IT system ideas were sold to NHS Professionals and swallowed as a whole and â€Å"As Is† after IT Consultants gave recommendations to government. That Computer Weekly article, News Clipping. 2, revealed no checking and control functions. Cameron cited inefficiency as a result of a preference for centralized and large computer systems that tend to be more costly and riskier. 3. Clarifications about the problem showed that centralized data that should have been accessible in local areas turned out to be 3 to 4 years delayed. See News Clipping.... This can be read in the Kable’s Government Computing article. See News Clipping # 3. In another article, clarifications about the problem showed that centralized data that should have been accessible in local areas turned out to be 3 to 4 years delayed. See News Clipping # 4. And the more detailed explanations for such a scenario are found in News Clipping # 5. It says, â€Å"†¦the centralized system has often been seen as a failure owing to continued installation setbacks, rising costs and data management problems.† In determining the needs of government for IT resources, for example, the ISMQ should have utilized a model that can filter the basis of decisions based on real needs instead of artificial or imaginary needs. A sample self-made model would be as follows: + + + It should be recalled that Information System projects are not the only projects in need of allocation of resources. Whatever will be the evaluation of alternative IS projects would have to compe te for funding prioritization in the government’s portfolio of many projects in various aspects of governance. Such a model would have identified the limited beneficiaries who would not represent the common good of 9,000 organizations. There should have been a survey if most of them need the computer system under certain conditions, e.g. on the condition that the system provides updated information. It turned out that only 160 out of 9,000 found a need for the expensive computer system which had to be replaced. Potential delays and more accurate timetables can be communicated to administrators of the system in order to set the right expectations insofar as performance and efficiency are concerned. The timely

US women's army auxiliary corp (WWII) Research Paper

US women's army auxiliary corp (WWII) - Research Paper Example Women’s participation in the US military as auxiliary army corps during the Second World War was essentially a milestone in the women’s development and gender equality that were rooted the Enlightenment in Europe.Though women’s involvement in the US Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps was not the direct result of these movements, it can be viewed as the call of the situation that provides the women of the era with a unique opportunity to reinforce their position in outdoor workplace. Also their participation can be viewed as a sequel to the series of remarkable events in the women’s rights in the United States. Though women’s involvement in the US Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps was not the direct result of these movements, it can be viewed as the call of the situation that provides the women of the era with a unique opportunity to reinforce their position in outdoor workplace. Opposing the traditional socio-religious barriers to and prejudices that women are best suited for indoor activities due to their psychophysical fragility, women’s position in outdoor activities was reinforced by their participation in the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corp. Indeed the root of the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corp lies in the women’s unarmed services â€Å"with the Army under contract and as volunteers during World War I as communications specialists and dietitians† (Bellafiare 4). Subsequently, a bill regarding women’s inclusion into the US Army as regular personnel with equal pay, equal legal protection, disability benefits, pensions and medical care was proposed by Edith Nourse Rogers, the Congresswoman of Massachusetts. But Rogers’ propositions did not go unchallenged since â€Å"both the Army and the American public initially had difficulty accepting the concept of women in uniform† (Moore 34). Finally, Rogers’ committee and the US Military authority came to a compromise regardi ng the women’s legal rights in the army and the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) became existent in 1942 by Public Law 554 () as a branch "for the purpose of making available to the national defense the knowledge, skill, and special training of the women of the nation." (Bellafaire 7). Later, the WAAC gained the full status of an army branch, being converted to Women’s Army Corp (WAC) in 1943. About 150,000 American women â€Å"served in the Women's Army Corps (WAC) during World War 11. Members of the WAC were the first women other than nurses to serve within the ranks of the United States Army† (Bellafiare 5). Rights of the WAAC Members Though Rogers’s idea was to provide the women with full status of army personnel in the US Army, due to the novelty of the idea and social barriers and prejudice towards women’s participation in armed activities, the WAAC members did not have the full rights that their male counterpart had enjoyed so far. Rogers was motivated, to propose the bill, mainly by the volunteer female civilians’ participation in the First World War as unofficial auxiliary force to the US force without â€Å"benefits of official status† such as legal protection, medical care, shelter, food, etc. So Rogers motive was that â€Å"if women were to serve again with the Army in a wartime theater they would receive the same legal protection and benefits as their male counterparts† (Bellafiare 6). Though until 1943, about 150,000 WAAC auxiliaries received the basic provisions of a soldier such as â€Å"food, uniforms, living quarters, pay, and medical care† (), rank and salary discriminations continued. Also women WAAC officers could not command men. Judith A. Bellafaire describes these discriminations as following: â€Å"The Director of the WAAC was assigned the rank of major. WAAC first, second, and third officers served as the equivalents of captains and lieutenants in the Regular Army, but received less pay than their male counterparts of similar rank† (2). Unlike the male soldiers and other officials, the WAAC members did not get â€Å"Government life insurance, veteran’s medical coverage, and death benefits† (Bellafaire 3). Also though the WAAC members, according to the bill, could work oversea, they did not get legal protection of the international prisoner’